Archieve Issue

Background: Bhagandara described in Ayurveda correlates with fistula-in-ano and is considered a Kruchrasadhya Vyadhi due to its chronic and recurrent nature. Ksharasutra therapy is an established Ayurvedic para-surgical procedure. In selected cases, a combined surgical and Ksharasutra approach may improve outcomes. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male presented with pain and foul-smelling pus discharge from the anal canal and left perianal region for 15 days. Pain was throbbing, aggravated by prolonged sitting, and partially relieved after pus discharge. The patient was a known case of diabetes mellitus. Local examination revealed an external opening at the left scrotal base and an internal opening at the 2 o’clock position. Endoanal ultrasonography showed a broad fistulous tract extending to the anterolateral anal wall. Diagnosis: Based on clinical features, imaging findings, and Ayurvedic assessment, the condition was diagnosed as Parishravi Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano). Intervention: Under spinal anesthesia, fistulotomy followed by primary threading was performed. Ksharasutra was changed weekly with appropriate post-operative care. Outcome: The patient showed marked reduction in pain and discharge with progressive healing of the tract and no complications. Conclusion: The dual modality approach with Partial fistulotomy followed by Ksharasutra therapy is a safe, effective, and sphincter preserving approach for the management of Parisravi Bhagandara, particularly in trans sphincteric fistula in ano.

The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of an oral medicated jelly containing glibenclamide, an antidiabetic drug used in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral medicated jellies are patient-friendly dosage forms particularly suitable for pediatric, geriatric, and dysphagic patients due to ease of administration and improved palatability. Glibenclamide oral jellies were prepared using varying concentrations of guar gum and pectin as gelling agents. The prepared formulations were evaluated for physical appearance, viscosity, pH, syneresis, drug content, in vitro drug release, and stability. Among the six formulations, batch F5 demonstrated optimal physicochemical properties, acceptable viscosity, absence of syneresis, uniform drug content, satisfactory drug release, and good stability under different storage conditions. The results suggest that oral medicated jelly is a promising alternative delivery system for glibenclamide, offering improved patient compliance and therapeutic effectiveness.

Orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) improve patient compliance, particularly in pediatric and geriatric populations who experience difficulty swallowing conventional tablets. The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of diphenhydramine hydrochloride orally disintegrating tablets prepared by the direct compression method. Diphenhydramine HCl, a first-generation antihistamine with anticholinergic and sedative properties, was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Visible spectroscopy to assess purity and compatibility with excipients. Various super-disintegrants such as sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (SCMC), sodium alginate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were evaluated at different concentrations. Pre-compression and post-compression parameters including angle of repose, compressibility index, Hausner’s ratio, weight variation, hardness, friability, thickness, disintegration time, and wetting time were assessed. Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose demonstrated superior disintegration efficiency and mechanical strength compared to other super-disintegrants. The optimized formulation containing 10% SCMC exhibited rapid disintegration (?10 seconds), acceptable wetting time, and satisfactory mechanical properties. Stability studies conducted under varying temperature and humidity conditions confirmed that the formulation remained stable with drug release between 90–110% as per USP standards. The study concludes that diphenhydramine HCl ODTs formulated using SCMC via direct compression are stable, effective, and suitable for pediatric and geriatric use.

Ferrous Bisglycinate (FBG) chelate is a technologically advanced iron supplement designed to overcome the limitations of traditional iron salts like ferrous sulfate. Unlike standard ionic iron, Ferrous Bisglycinate is a fully reacted bidentate chelate—specifically manufactured by West Bengal Chemical Industries Ltd., Kolkata, India (WBCIL)—where ferrous iron is chemically sequestered within two glycine rings. This unique molecular architecture ensures high stability in gastric acid and prevents the release of free reactive ions, thereby eliminating common gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and constipation. Clinical data demonstrates that this chelated form utilizes both the standard DMT1 pathway and the high- capacity PepT1 dipeptide channel, resulting in bioavailability 2 to 4 times higher than traditional salts. Studies across diverse populations, including pregnant women and pediatric patients, consistently show that lower elemental iron doses of Ferrous Bisglycinate (e.g., 25mg) are as effective as higher doses of ferrous sulfate (e.g., 50 mg) in managing iron deficiency anemia. By leveraging the advanced manufacturing standards of WBCIL, this chelate addresses the chronic issue of patient non- compliance and emerges as a gold-standard delivery system for sensitive populations requiring efficient and tolerable iron repletion.

Iron deficiency (ID) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) remain significant global health concerns, often requiring oral iron supplementation. However, traditional iron salts are frequently associated with poor bioavailability and high rates of gastrointestinal adverse events. This review compares two advanced delivery systems designed to overcome these limitations: Chelated Iron (Ferrous Bisglycinate Chelate) and Liposomal Iron. Ferrous Bisglycinate is a stable amino acid chelate that protects iron from dietary inhibitors and enhances absorption through the enterocyte membrane. In contrast, Liposomal Iron encapsulates iron within a phospholipid bilayer, allowing for a unique absorption pathway through microfold (M) cells and the lymphatic system. Clinical data indicates that both formulations provide superior hematological recovery compared to ferrous sulfate at lower elemental doses. While Ferrous Bisglycinate is highly effective for nutritional deficiency and pregnancy, Liposomal Iron demonstrates a distinct advantage in iron-refractory cases—such as chronic kidney disease or inflammatory bowel disease—by bypassing the hepcidin-mediated absorption block. Furthermore, both forms significantly improve patient compliance; Ferrous Bisglycinate reduces mucosal irritation, while Liposomal Iron offers a tolerability profile nearly identical to a placebo. This review concludes that the choice between these two forms should be guided by the patient’s inflammatory status and history of oral iron tolerance.